Part of International Conference on Representation Learning 2025 (ICLR 2025) Conference
James Enouen, Yan Liu
In recent years, the Shapley value and SHAP explanations have emerged as oneof the most dominant paradigms for providing post-hoc explanations of blackbox models. Despite their well-founded theoretical properties, many recent workshave focused on the limitations in both their computational efficiency and theirrepresentation power. The underlying connection with additive models, however,is left critically under-emphasized in the current literature. In this work, we findthat a variational perspective linking GAM models and SHAP explanations is ableto provide deep insights into nearly all recent developments. In light of this connection, we borrow in the other direction to develop a new method to train interpretable GAM models which are automatically purified to compute the Shapleyvalue in a single forward pass. Finally, we provide theoretical results showing thelimited representation power of GAM models is the same Achilles’ heel existingin SHAP and discuss the implications for SHAP’s modern usage in CV and NLP.