# Copyright (c) 2024, NVIDIA CORPORATION. All rights reserved.

import warnings
from dataclasses import dataclass
from typing import Callable, List, Optional, Tuple, Union

import torch
import torch.nn.functional as F
from packaging.version import Version as PkgVersion

from megatron.core.enums import Fp8Recipe
from megatron.core.transformer.enums import AttnBackend

from ..model_parallel_config import ModelParallelConfig
from ..utils import (
    get_te_version,
    init_method_normal,
    is_te_min_version,
    is_torch_min_version,
    scaled_init_method_normal,
)


@dataclass
class TransformerConfig(ModelParallelConfig):
    """Configuration object for megatron-core transformers.

    The initialization function has an argument for each parameter,
    including those in ModelParallelConfig.
    """

    ####################
    # model architecture
    ####################

    num_layers: int = 0
    """Number of transformer layers in a transformer block."""

    mtp_num_layers: Optional[int] = None
    """Number of Multi-Token Prediction (MTP) Layers."""

    mtp_loss_scaling_factor: Optional[float] = None
    """Weighting factor of Multi-Token Prediction (MTP) loss."""

    num_layers_in_first_pipeline_stage: Optional[int] = None
    """Number of transformer layers on first pipeline stage.
    None implies equal layer division across PP ranks."""

    num_layers_in_last_pipeline_stage: Optional[int] = None
    """Number of transformer layers on last pipeline stage.
    None implies equal layer division across PP ranks."""

    account_for_embedding_in_pipeline_split: bool = False
    """If set, the embedding layer will be treated as a standard transformer
    layer in the context of partition and placement for pipeline parallelism."""

    account_for_loss_in_pipeline_split: bool = False
    """If set, the loss layer will be treated as a standard transformer
    layer in the context of partition and placement for pipeline parallelism."""

    hidden_size: int = 0
    """Transformer hidden size."""

    num_attention_heads: int = 0
    """Number of transformer attention heads."""

    attention_backend: AttnBackend = AttnBackend.auto
    """Attention backend to run. By default we let transformer engine
    decide the best backend to run (except in the case of local).
    If attention backend is local we use the local pytorch implementation in mcore.
    Users can specify exact backend by changing this config. """

    softmax_scale: Optional[float] = None
    """Softmax scale for attention scaling."""

    num_query_groups: Optional[int] = None
    """Number of query groups for group query attention. If None, normal attention is used."""

    ffn_hidden_size: Optional[int] = None
    """Transformer Feed-Forward Network hidden size. This is set to 4*hidden_size
    if not provided."""

    kv_channels: Optional[int] = None
    """Projection weights dimension in multi-head attention. This is set to hidden_size //
    num_attention_heads if not provided."""

    hidden_dropout: float = 0.1
    """Dropout probability for transformer hidden state."""

    attention_dropout: float = 0.1
    """Post attention dropout probability."""

    fp32_residual_connection: bool = False
    """If true, move residual connections to fp32."""

    # @jcasper should we keep this option?
    apply_residual_connection_post_layernorm: bool = False
    """If True, uses the original BERT residule connection ordering."""

    layernorm_epsilon: float = 1e-5
    """Epsilon value for any LayerNorm operations."""

    layernorm_zero_centered_gamma: bool = False
    """If set to True, the LayerNorm is adjusted to center the gamma values around 0. This improves
    numerical stability."""

    add_bias_linear: bool = True
    """Include a bias term in all linear layers (QKV projections, after core attention, and two in
    MLP layer)."""

    add_qkv_bias: bool = False
    """Add a bias term only for QKV projections."""

    gated_linear_unit: bool = False
    """Use a gated linear unit for the first linear layer in the MLP."""

    activation_func: Callable = F.gelu
    """Activation function to use for the non-linearity in the MLP."""

    activation_func_fp8_input_store: bool = False
    """Store the input of MLP activation function in FP8 for backprop to save memory.
    The stored input is casted back to the original precision before backprop compuatation."""

    num_moe_experts: Optional[int] = None
    """Number of experts to use for MoE layer. When set, it replaces MLP with MoE layer. Set to None
    for no MoE."""

    rotary_interleaved: bool = False
    """True is rotate pairs of even and odd dimensions (RoFormer style), False is rotate pairs of
    first half and second half (LLaMa style). Default to False."""

    window_size: Optional[Tuple[int, int]] = None
    """If not None, then will use sliding window attention. The size of the window is specified by
    the numbers inside the tuple; -1 is special value meaning "infinite window size"."""

    normalization: str = "LayerNorm"
    """Which norm to use for normalization layers, valid options are `LayerNorm` and `RMSNorm`."""

    qk_layernorm: bool = False
    """Whether to apply `normalization` type of normalization to the query and key embeddings."""

    test_mode: bool = False
    """Whether to run real-time tests."""

    calculate_per_token_loss: bool = False
    """Whether cross entropy loss is calculated over the actual number of non-padded tokens in the
    global batch, versus the default behavior of assuming all tokens are non-padded."""

    multi_latent_attention: bool = False
    """Whether to use multi-latent attention."""

    no_rope_freq: Optional[Union[int, List[int]]] = None
    """Controls which layers perform Rotary Position Embedding (RoPE). Accepts either:
    An integer N: Creates a pattern where RoPE is skipped every N-1 layers. For example,
    no_rope=4 means RoPE is applied for 3 layers, then skipped for 1 layer, repeating this pattern.
    A list of integers: Defines a custom pattern where 1 means skip RoPE and 0 means apply RoPE.
    For example, [0,1,1,0] means: apply RoPE, skip RoPE, skip RoPE, apply RoPE."""

    ####################
    # initialization
    ####################
    init_method: Optional[Callable] = None
    """Method to initialize weights. Note that bias is always set to zero. Should be a function that
    takes a single Tensor and initializes it. If None, will be set to
    megatron.core.utils.init_method_normal(init_method_std) which is torch nn init normal with
    mean=0.0 and std=init_method_std."""

    output_layer_init_method: Optional[Callable] = None
    """Method to initialize weights of the output layer of both attention and MLP blocks. If None,
    will be set to megatron.core.utils.scaled_init_method_normal(init_method_std) which is torch nn
    init normal with mean=0.0 and std=init_method_std / math.sqrt(2.0 * num_layers)."""

    init_method_std: float = 0.02
    """Standard deviation of the zero mean normal for the default initialization method, not used if
    init_method and output_layer_init_method are provided."""

    init_model_with_meta_device: bool = False
    """
    If True, initializes the model with the meta device. This is helpful for
    training of very large models. This feature is only works when custom fsdp is turned on.
    """

    ####################
    # mixed-precision
    ####################
    apply_query_key_layer_scaling: bool = False
    """If true, scale Q * K^T by 1 / layer-number. This improve numeric stability when training with
    fp16."""

    attention_softmax_in_fp32: bool = True
    """If True, run attention masking and softmax in fp32. This should be True if
    apply_query_key_layer_scaling is True."""

    disable_bf16_reduced_precision_matmul: bool = False
    """If True, sets torch.backends.cuda.matmul.allow_bf16_reduced_precision_reduction=False to
    prevent matmul from using reduced precision accumulation when using BF16."""

    ####################
    # fusion
    ####################
    bias_activation_fusion: bool = False
    """If True, fuses bias addition and the activation function when possible."""

    masked_softmax_fusion: bool = False
    """If True, uses softmax fusion."""

    persist_layer_norm: bool = False
    """If True, uses the persistent fused layer norm kernel. This kernel only supports a fixed set
    of hidden sizes."""

    memory_efficient_layer_norm: bool = False
    """If True, and using local layers (not from TransformerEngine), tells Apex to use the memory
    efficient fused LayerNorm kernel. Ignored if not using LayerNorm."""

    bias_dropout_fusion: bool = False  # TODO: this should be bias_dropout_add_fusion?
    """If True, uses bias dropout fusion."""

    apply_rope_fusion: bool = False
    """If True, use fused RoPE kernel."""

    ####################
    # activation recomputation
    ####################
    recompute_granularity: Optional[str] = None
    """Determines which type of activation recompute to use.  Megatron-core supports 'selective'
    activation checkpointing where the submodules set in --recompute-modules is checkpointed.
    The default is "core_attn" which is the memory intensive part of attention.
    These memory intensive activations are also less compute intensive which makes activation
    checkpointing more efficient for LLMs (20B+).  See Reducing Activation Recomputation in Large
    Transformer Models (https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.05198) for more details.  'full' will checkpoint
    the entire transformer layer.  If None, no recompute is performed and all activations are saved.
    If set, must be 'selective' or 'full'. 'selective' always uses all layers.
    """

    recompute_method: Optional[str] = None
    """Determines which transformer layers will be recomputed. uniform will uniformly divide the
    total number of transformer layers in a transformer block and recompute the input activation of
    each divided chunk at the specified granularity.  block will recompute the input activations for
    only a set number of transformer layers per pipeline stage.  The rest of the layers in the
    pipeline stage will not have any activations recomputed.  If None, and recompute is enabled, all
    layers will do recomputation. If set, must be 'uniform' or 'block'."""

    recompute_num_layers: Optional[int] = None
    """When recompute_method is uniform, recompute_num_layers is the number of transformer layers in
    each uniformly divided recompute unit.  When recompute_method is block, recompute_num_layers is
    the number of transformer layers to recompute within each pipeline stage.  Must be None for
    'selective' activation checkpointing."""

    distribute_saved_activations: Optional[bool] = None
    """If True, distribute recomputed activations across the model parallel group."""

    recompute_modules: Optional[List[str]] = None
    """The submodules to recompute.
    choices: "core_attn", "moe_act", "layernorm", "mla_up_proj", "mlp", "moe".
    default: ["core_attn"].
    "core_attn": recompute the core attention part of the transformer layer.
    "moe_act": recompute the MoE MLP activation function.
    "layernorm": recompute the input_layernorm and pre_mlp_layernorm.
    "mla_up_proj": recompute the MLA up projection and RoPE applying parts.
    "mlp": recompute the dense MLP submodule.
    "moe": recompute the MoE layer.
    "moe_act", "layernorm", and "mla_up_proj" use output-discarding checkpointing,
    "core_attn", "mlp", and "moe" uses normal checkpointing.
    """

    ####################
    # fp8 related
    ####################
    fp8: Optional[str] = None
    """If set, enables the use of FP8 precision through Transformer Engine. There are 2 predefined
    choices (1) 'e4m3' uniformly uses e4m3 for all FP8 tensors, (2) 'hybrid' uses e4m3 for all FP8
    activation and weight tensors and e5m2 for all FP8 output activation gradient tensors."""

    fp8_recipe: Optional[str] = "delayed"
    """If set, enables the use of FP8 precision through Transformer Engine. There are 3 predefined
    choices (1) 'tensorwise' uses per tensor current scaling recipe, (2) 'delayed'
    uses delayed scaling recipe, 3) 'mxfp8' for Blackwell architecture only,
    4) 'blockwise' for blockwise scaling recipe."""

    fp8_param: bool = False
    """If set, keep the parameters in fp8 precision to save memory. This option must be used
    together with fp8 mode (i.e., TransformerConfig.fp8 is not None). Note that not all parameters
    will be converted to fp8; for example, biases will remain unchanged. The parameters affected are
    primarily the weights of GEMMs. The specific parameters that will be converted to fp8 are
    determined by TE."""

    fp8_margin: int = 0
    """Margin for the scaling factor computation."""

    fp8_interval: int = 1
    """DEPRECATED from TransformerEngine v1.8.0. This flag is ignored.
    Controls how often the scaling factor is recomputed.
    """

    fp8_amax_history_len: int = 1
    """The length of the amax history window used for scaling factor computation."""

    fp8_amax_compute_algo: str = "most_recent"
    """Algorithm used for choosing the `amax` value for the scaling factor computation. There are 2
    predefined choices: `max` chooses the largest `amax` in the history window, while `most_recent`
    always chooses the most recently seen value.

    """

    fp8_wgrad: bool = True
    """When set to False, override FP8 config options and do the wgrad computation
    in higher precision."""

    fp8_dot_product_attention: bool = False
    """When set to True, use the FP8 implementation of Dot Product Attention."""

    fp8_multi_head_attention: bool = False
    """When set to True, use the FP8 implementation of Multi Head Attention."""

    tp_only_amax_red: bool = False
    """When set to True, reduce the FP8 AMAX only in the TP or TP-CP domain"""

    first_last_layers_bf16: bool = False
    """If True, retains first and last N TransformerBlocks in BF16 as opposed to FP8."""

    num_layers_at_start_in_bf16: int = 1
    """Number of layers at the start of the model to keep in BF16 precision when
    first_last_layers_bf16 is True."""

    num_layers_at_end_in_bf16: int = 1
    """Number of layers at the end of the model to keep in BF16 precision when
    first_last_layers_bf16 is True."""

    ####################
    # MoE related
    ####################
    moe_shared_expert_intermediate_size: Optional[int] = None
    """Shared expert total ffn hidden size.
    It should be equal to 'num_shared_experts * ffn_size_of_each_shared_expert' if
    there are multiple shared experts.
    None means no shared expert."""

    moe_shared_expert_overlap: bool = False
    """Enable overlapping between shared expert computations and dispatcher communications.
    Without this, the shared epxerts execute after the routed experts."""

    moe_layer_freq: Union[int, List[int]] = 1
    """Frequency between MoE layers and Dense layers. Accepts either:
    - An integer N: Represents a 1:N ratio, meaning one expert layer for every N-1 dense layers.
    - A list that defines a custom pattern, e.g.: [1,1,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,0]"""

    moe_ffn_hidden_size: Optional[int] = None
    """MoE Feed-Forward Network hidden size"""

    moe_router_load_balancing_type: str = "aux_loss"
    """The load balancing strategy for the router. "aux_loss" corresponds to the load balancing loss
    used in GShard and SwitchTransformer; "seq_aux_loss" corresponds to the load balancing loss used
    in DeepSeekV2 and DeepSeekV3, which computes the loss for each individual sample; "sinkhorn"
    corresponds to the balancing algorithm used in S-BASE, and "none" implies no load balancing.
    The default is "aux_loss"."""

    moe_router_topk: int = 2
    """Number of experts to route to for each token."""

    moe_router_topk_limited_devices: Optional[int] = None
    """Number of EP ranks to consider for each token in group-limited routing,
    DEPRECATED and replaced by moe_router_num_groups and moe_router_group_topk.
    """

    moe_router_num_groups: Optional[int] = None
    """Number of groups to divide experts into for group-limited routing.
    When using group-limited routing:
    1. Experts are divided into 'moe_router_num_groups' equal-sized groups
    2. For each token, 'moe_router_group_topk' groups are selected based on sum of
    top-('moe_router_topk'/'moe_router_group_topk') routing scores within each group
    3. From these selected groups, 'moe_router_topk' individual experts are chosen
    Two common use cases:
    - Device-limited routing: Set 'moe_router_num_groups' equal to expert parallel size (EP)
    to limit each token to experts on a subset of devices
    (See DeepSeek-V2: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2405.04434)
    - Node-limited routing: Set 'moe_router_num_groups' equal to number of nodes in EP group
    to limit each token to experts on a subset of nodes
    (See DeepSeek-V3: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2412.19437)
    """

    moe_router_group_topk: Optional[int] = None
    """Number of selected groups for group-limited routing."""

    moe_router_pre_softmax: bool = False
    """Enable pre-softmax(pre-sigmoid) routing for MoE, which means softmax is before the 
    top-k selection.
    By default, softmax is done after top-k."""

    moe_router_topk_scaling_factor: Optional[float] = None
    """Scaling factor for routing score in top-k selection, only works when moe_router_pre_softmax
    enabled. Defaults to None, which means no scaling."""

    moe_router_score_function: str = "softmax"
    """Score function for MoE routing. Can be "softmax" or "sigmoid"."""

    moe_router_dtype: Optional[str] = None
    """Data type for routing and expert output weighted averaging. Using fp32 or fp64 can
    improve stability especially when the number of experts is large (e.g. finegrained-moe).
    None means no changes for dtype."""

    moe_router_enable_expert_bias: bool = False
    """TopK routing with dynamic per-expert bias in the aux-loss-free load balancing strategy.
    The routing decision is based on the sum of the routing scores and the expert bias.
    See https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.15664 for details."""

    moe_router_bias_update_rate: float = 1e-3
    """The expert bias is updated based on the number of assigned tokens to each expert
    in a global batch, where the bias is increased for the experts with less assigned tokens
    and decreased for the experts with more assigned tokens.
    The default value 1e-3 is same as that used in DeepSeekV3."""

    moe_grouped_gemm: bool = False
    """When there are multiple experts per rank, compress multiple local (potentially small) gemms
    in a single kernel launch to improve the utilization and performance by leveraging the Grouped
    GEMM feature introduced since CUTLASS 2.8 (https://github.com/fanshiqing/grouped_gemm).
    """

    moe_use_legacy_grouped_gemm: bool = False
    """Use legacy GroupedMLP rather than TEGroupedMLP.
    Note: The legacy one will be deprecated soon."""

    moe_aux_loss_coeff: float = 0  # 1e-2 would be a good start value for load balance loss.
    """Scaling coefficient for the aux loss. A starting value of 1e-2 is recommended."""

    moe_z_loss_coeff: Optional[float] = None  # 1e-3 would be a good start value for z-loss
    """Scaling coefficient for the z-loss. A starting value of 1e-3 is recommended."""

    moe_input_jitter_eps: Optional[float] = None
    """Add noise to the input tensor by applying jitter with a specified epsilon value."""

    moe_token_dropping: bool = False
    """This feature involves selectively dropping and padding tokens for each expert to achieve a
    specified capacity, similar to GShard, Switch-Transformer, and DeepSpeed-MoE. Note that this is
    currently unsupported so should remain False."""

    moe_token_dispatcher_type: str = "allgather"
    """The type of token dispatcher to use. The default is 'allgather'.
    Options are 'allgather','alltoall' and 'flex'."""

    moe_enable_deepep: bool = False
    """[Experimental] Enable DeepEP for efficient token dispatching and combine in MoE models."""

    moe_per_layer_logging: bool = False
    """Enable per-layer logging for MoE, currently supports auxiliary loss and z loss."""

    moe_expert_capacity_factor: Optional[float] = None
    """moe_expert_capacity_factor (float): The capacity factor for each expert, None means no token
    will be dropped. The default is None."""

    moe_pad_expert_input_to_capacity: bool = False
    """moe_pad_expert_input_to_capacity (bool): If True, pads the input for each expert to match
    the expert capacity length, effective only after the moe_expert_capacity_factor is set. The
    default setting is False."""

    moe_token_drop_policy: str = 'probs'
    """The policy to drop tokens. Can be either "probs" or "position". If "probs", the tokens with
    the lowest probabilities will be dropped. If "position", tokens at the end of each batch will
    be dropped.
    """

    moe_layer_recompute: bool = False
    """Memory optimization: checkpointing moe_layer to save actiavtion memory."""

    moe_permute_fusion: bool = False
    """Fuse token rearrangement ops during token dispatching."""

    moe_apply_probs_on_input: bool = False
    """Apply probs on input of experts instead of applying after activation and glu."""

    ##################
    # Context Parallel
    ##################
    cp_comm_type: Optional[Union[str, List[str]]] = None
    """Inter-gpu communication type for context parallelism.
    str: all layers share same communication type.
    List[str]: each layer has its separate communication type.
    cp_comm_type of each layer can be "p2p" or "all_gather" or "a2a" or "a2a+p2p".
    "p2p": Exchange KV chunks with P2P communications in ring topology. P2P is async and can be
    overlapped with attention compute.
    "all_gather": All-gather to get full sequence of KV before attention. The all-gather is not
    async, and cannot be overlapped.
    "a2a": Like DeepSpeed Ulysses, scatter attention heads across the CP group, and gather to get
    full sequence of QKV.
    "a2a+p2p": A hierarchical implementation of context parallelism to attention.
    It uses A2A communications in low-level CP groups (e.g., via NVLink),
    and P2P communications in high-level CP groups (e.g., via IBLink).
    """

    ##################
    # Cuda Graphs
    ##################
    enable_cuda_graph: bool = False
    """When set to true, TransformerLayer layers are swapped with a CUDA graphed version."""

    cuda_graph_use_single_mempool: bool = False
    """When set to true, cudagraphs will be captured inside a single mempool, in which all
    cudagraphs may only be used once per step. If false, cudagraphs may be reused across
    microbatches. Enabling may reduce cudagraph memory overheads due to memory fragmentation,
    however may greatly increase the number of cudagraphs created when the number of microbatches
    is high."""

    cuda_graph_retain_backward_graph: bool = False
    """When set to true, cudagraph backward passes will be graph captured with 'retain_grad=True'
    This may enable cudagraphs for certain modules that are not completely cudagraph safe. For
    more details, see: https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/generated/torch.Tensor.backward.html."""

    cuda_graph_warmup_steps: int = 3
    """Number of warmup steps for CUDA graphs"""

    external_cuda_graph: bool = False
    """When set to true, TransformerLayer layers are swapped with user provided CUDA graphs."""

    cuda_graph_scope: str = "full"
    """When external_cuda_graph is set to true, cuda_graph_scope determines the CUDA graphs
    capturing scope. Valid values are "full" and "attn". "Full" scope captures a whole Transformer
    layer. "Attn" scope only captures operations in TransformerLayer._forward_attention()."""

    ####################
    # miscellaneous
    ####################
    clone_scatter_output_in_embedding: bool = True
    """When set to True, clone the output of scatter_to_sequence_parallel_region in embedding layer
    to facilitate garbage collection of input."""

    disable_parameter_transpose_cache: bool = False
    """When set to true, the parameter transposes are not cached for subsequent iterations."""

    config_logger_dir: str = ""
    """When non-empty, dumps entry-point configs to config_logger_dir"""

    flash_decode: bool = False
    """ Use the optimized flash decoding kernel during inference. """

    use_te_rng_tracker: bool = False
    """ Whether to use the TE or MCore version of the RNG tracker. """

    inference_rng_tracker: bool = False
    """ Whether we should instantiate a separate RNG tracker for inference. """

    symmetric_ar_type: Optional[str] = None
    """Type of symmetric all reduce to use"""

    mrope_section: Optional[List[int]] = None
    """ Multimodal rope section is for channel dimension of temporal, height and width
    in rope calculation. """

    is_hybrid_model: bool = False
    """ Indicates whether this is a hybrid model. """

    mamba_state_dim: int = 128
    """The dimensionality of the state representation in Mamba layers."""

    mamba_head_dim: int = 64
    """The dimensionality of the heads in the Mamba layers."""

    mamba_num_groups: int = 8
    """The number of groups used in Mamba layers."""

    mamba_num_heads: Optional[int] = None
    """The number of heads used in Mamba layers. 
    If None, the number of heads will be hidden_size * expand // mamba_head_dim."""

    use_mamba_mem_eff_path: bool = True
    """If True, use the memory efficient path for Mamba layers."""

    mlp_chunks_for_prefill: int = 1
    """The number of chunks along the sequence dimension to use for MLP computation
    during prefill."""

    heterogeneous_block_specs: bool = False
    """Whether to use heterogeneous block specs (nemotron-nas architecture)."""

    def __post_init__(self):
        """Python dataclass method that is used to modify attributes after initialization.
        See https://docs.python.org/3/library/dataclasses.html#post-init-processing for more
        details.
        """
        super().__post_init__()
        if self.fp16 and self.bf16:
            raise ValueError(
                f'Only one of self.fp16: {self.fp16} and self.bf16 {self.bf16} should be True.'
            )

        # Apply BF16 matmul precision setting if needed
        if self.bf16 and self.disable_bf16_reduced_precision_matmul:
            torch.backends.cuda.matmul.allow_bf16_reduced_precision_reduction = False

        if self.num_attention_heads % self.tensor_model_parallel_size != 0:
            raise ValueError(
                f"num_attention_heads ({self.num_attention_heads}) must be a multiple of "
                f"tensor_model_parallel_size ({self.tensor_model_parallel_size})."
            )

        if self.ffn_hidden_size is None:
            self.ffn_hidden_size = 4 * self.hidden_size

        if self.kv_channels is None:
            self.kv_channels = self.hidden_size // self.num_attention_heads

        if self.num_query_groups is None:
            self.num_query_groups = self.num_attention_heads

        if self.num_query_groups % self.tensor_model_parallel_size != 0:
            raise ValueError(
                f"num_query_groups ({self.num_query_groups}) must be a multiple of "
                f"tensor_model_parallel_size ({self.tensor_model_parallel_size})."
            )

        if self.fp8:
            # cannot support first last layer bf16 with delayed scaling
            if self.first_last_layers_bf16 and self.fp8_recipe == Fp8Recipe.delayed:
                raise ValueError("Delayed scaling does not support first / last layer in BF16.")

            # max bf16 layers per pipeline stage
            max_bf16_layers_per_pipeline_stage = (
                self.num_layers // self.pipeline_model_parallel_size
            )

            # check start/end bf16 layer counts are valid
            if self.first_last_layers_bf16:
                if (
                    self.num_layers_at_start_in_bf16 < 0
                    or self.num_layers_at_start_in_bf16 > max_bf16_layers_per_pipeline_stage
                ):
                    raise ValueError(
                        f"num_layers_at_start_in_bf16 ({self.num_layers_at_start_in_bf16}) must be "
                        f"between 0 and number of layers per pipeline stage "
                        f"({max_bf16_layers_per_pipeline_stage})."
                    )
                if (
                    self.num_layers_at_end_in_bf16 < 0
                    or self.num_layers_at_end_in_bf16 > max_bf16_layers_per_pipeline_stage
                ):
                    raise ValueError(
                        f"num_layers_at_end_in_bf16 ({self.num_layers_at_end_in_bf16}) must be "
                        f"between 0 and number of layers per pipeline stage "
                        f"({max_bf16_layers_per_pipeline_stage})."
                    )

            if self.fp8_recipe == Fp8Recipe.mxfp8 and self.fp8_param:
                raise ValueError("MXFP8 currently does not support fp8_param.")

        if self.fp8_param and not self.fp8:
            raise ValueError("fp8_param must be used together with fp8 mode.")

        if self.apply_query_key_layer_scaling:
            self.attention_softmax_in_fp32 = True

        if self.expert_model_parallel_size > 1 and self.num_moe_experts is None:
            raise ValueError('num_moe_experts must be non None to use expert-parallel.')

        if self.num_moe_experts is not None and self.num_moe_experts <= 0:
            raise ValueError('num_moe_experts must be non-negative.')

        if self.num_moe_experts is not None and self.moe_ffn_hidden_size is None:
            self.moe_ffn_hidden_size = self.ffn_hidden_size
            warnings.warn("moe_ffn_hidden_size is not set, using ffn_hidden_size instead.")

        if self.num_moe_experts is None:
            assert (
                self.moe_ffn_hidden_size is None
            ), "moe_ffn_hidden_size must be None when num_experts is not set."

        if self.moe_enable_deepep:
            if self.moe_token_dispatcher_type != "flex":
                raise ValueError("DeepEP backend is only supported with flex token dispatcher.")

        if self.moe_token_dispatcher_type == "flex":
            if self.moe_pad_expert_input_to_capacity:
                raise ValueError(
                    "Flex token dispatcher does not support moe_pad_expert_input_to_capacity"
                )

        if self.moe_shared_expert_intermediate_size is not None:
            if self.moe_shared_expert_intermediate_size <= 0:
                raise ValueError(
                    f'moe_shared_expert_intermediate_size must be '
                    f'num_shared_experts * ffn_size_of_each_shared_expert, '
                    f'but got {self.moe_shared_expert_intermediate_size}'
                )
            if self.moe_shared_expert_overlap and self.moe_token_dispatcher_type not in [
                "alltoall"
            ]:
                raise ValueError(
                    f'moe_shared_expert_overlap only works with alltoall token dispatcher.'
                )

        if self.moe_expert_capacity_factor is not None:
            if self.moe_expert_capacity_factor < 0:
                self.moe_expert_capacity_factor = None
            if self.moe_router_load_balancing_type not in ["aux_loss", "seq_aux_loss", "none"]:
                raise ValueError(
                    'moe_expert_capacity_factor only works with aux_loss or none load balancing'
                )

        if self.moe_pad_expert_input_to_capacity:
            if self.moe_expert_capacity_factor is None:
                raise ValueError(
                    'moe_expert_capacity_factor must be set to use moe_pad_expert_input_to_capacity'
                )

        if self.cpu_offloading and (
            self.cpu_offloading_num_layers < 0 or self.cpu_offloading_num_layers >= self.num_layers
        ):
            raise ValueError(
                f'CPU offloading can be done only for layers less than {self.num_layers}'
            )

        if self.cpu_offloading and self.pipeline_model_parallel_size > 1:
            raise ValueError(
                'Currently there is no support for Pipeline parallelism with CPU offloading'
            )

        if self.cpu_offloading and self.recompute_granularity is not None:
            raise ValueError(
                'CPU offloading does not work when activation recomputation is enabled'
            )

        if self.recompute_granularity is not None:
            if self.recompute_granularity not in ['full', 'selective']:
                raise ValueError(
                    f'When using recompute_granuarlity: {self.recompute_granularity} must be "full"'
                    'or "selective".'
                )

            if self.recompute_method is not None:
                if self.recompute_method not in ['block', 'uniform']:
                    raise ValueError(
                        f'recompute_method: {self.recompute_method} must be "block" or "uniform".'
                    )
            elif self.recompute_granularity != 'selective':
                raise ValueError(
                    f'Using recompute_granularity: {self.recompute_granularity} so '
                    'recompute_method must be "block" or "uniform"'
                )

            if self.recompute_granularity != 'selective' and self.recompute_num_layers is None:
                raise ValueError(
                    f'When using recompute_granularity: {self.recompute_granularity} '
                    'recompute_num_layers must be between '
                    '1 and num_layers_per_pipeline_rank: '
                    f'{self.num_layers // self.pipeline_model_parallel_size}'
                )
            elif (
                self.recompute_granularity == 'selective' and self.recompute_num_layers is not None
            ):
                raise ValueError(
                    f'When using recompute_granularity: {self.recompute_granularity} '
                    'recompute_num_layers must be None.'
                )

            if self.distribute_saved_activations and self.sequence_parallel:
                raise ValueError(
                    f'distribute_saved_activations: {self.distribute_saved_activations} must be '
                    f'false when sequence parallel is enabled: {self.sequence_parallel}'
                )

        if self.recompute_modules is None:
            self.recompute_modules = ['core_attn']

        if self.recompute_granularity == 'selective':
            if len(self.recompute_modules) > 0:
                allowed_modules = {"core_attn", "moe_act", "layernorm", "mla_up_proj", "mlp", "moe"}
                invalid_modules = set(self.recompute_modules) - allowed_modules
                assert not invalid_modules, (
                    f'Invalid choices for recompute_modules: {invalid_modules}. '
                    f'Allowed modules are: {allowed_modules}'
                )

            if "moe_act" in self.recompute_modules and not self.moe_grouped_gemm:
                raise ValueError(
                    "moe_act in recompute_modules is only supported with moe_grouped_gemm."
                )

            if "mla_up_proj" in self.recompute_modules and not self.multi_latent_attention:
                raise ValueError(
                    "mla_up_proj in recompute_modules is only supported with "
                    "multi_latent_attention."
                )

            if "core_attn" in self.recompute_modules:
                warnings.warn(
                    "If you are using transformer_engine as the transformer implementation, "
                    "the core_attn is from transformer_engine and may be the fused version. "
                    "For fused attention, you have no need to set 'core_attn' to recompute. "
                    "Please check that the core_attn recompute is really needed."
                )

            if self.fp8:
                if "moe_act" in self.recompute_modules or "layernorm" in self.recompute_modules:
                    raise ValueError("moe_act and layernorm recompute cannot work with fp8.")

        if self.moe_layer_recompute:
            warnings.warn(
                "--moe-layer-recompute is deprecated. "
                "Use --recompute-granularity selective --recompute-modules moe_layer instead."
            )
            if self.recompute_granularity == 'full':
                raise ValueError(
                    "Do not set --moe-layer-recompute with full recompute granularity. "
                )
            self.recompute_granularity = 'selective'
            if "moe" not in self.recompute_modules:
                self.recompute_modules.append("moe")

        if (
            self.num_layers_in_first_pipeline_stage is not None
            or self.num_layers_in_last_pipeline_stage is not None
        ) and (
            self.account_for_embedding_in_pipeline_split or self.account_for_loss_in_pipeline_split
        ):
            raise ValueError(
                'num_layers_in_first_pipeline_stage and num_layers_in_last_pipeline_stage cannot be'
                'set at the same time with account_for_embedding_in_pipeline_split'
                'and account_for_loss_in_pipeline_split'
            )

        if (
            self.num_layers_in_first_pipeline_stage is not None
            or self.num_layers_in_last_pipeline_stage is not None
        ):
            pipeline_parallel_size = self.pipeline_model_parallel_size
            num_layers = self.num_layers

            if self.num_layers_in_first_pipeline_stage is not None:
                if self.num_layers_in_first_pipeline_stage <= 0:
                    raise ValueError('num_layers_in_first_pipeline_stage must be larger than 0')

                if self.virtual_pipeline_model_parallel_size is not None:
                    if (
                        self.num_layers_in_first_pipeline_stage
                        % self.virtual_pipeline_model_parallel_size
                        != 0
                    ):
                        raise ValueError(
                            f'number of layers at first stage: '
                            f'{self.num_layers_in_first_pipeline_stage}'
                            f'must be divisible by virtual pipeline'
                            f'parallel degree {self.virtual_pipeline_model_parallel_size}'
                        )
                num_layers -= self.num_layers_in_first_pipeline_stage
                pipeline_parallel_size -= 1

            if self.num_layers_in_last_pipeline_stage is not None:
                if self.num_layers_in_last_pipeline_stage <= 0:
                    raise ValueError('num_layers_in_last_pipeline_stage must be larger than 0')

                if self.virtual_pipeline_model_parallel_size is not None:
                    if (
                        self.num_layers_in_last_pipeline_stage
                        % self.virtual_pipeline_model_parallel_size
                        != 0
                    ):
                        raise ValueError(
                            f'number of layers at last stage: '
                            f'{self.num_layers_in_last_pipeline_stage}'
                            f'must be divisible by virtual pipeline'
                            f'parallel degree {self.virtual_pipeline_model_parallel_size}'
                        )
                num_layers -= self.num_layers_in_last_pipeline_stage
                pipeline_parallel_size -= 1

            if not num_layers % pipeline_parallel_size == 0:
                raise ValueError(
                    f'number of layers at middle stage: {num_layers} must be divisible by'
                    f'the middle pipeline model parallel size {pipeline_parallel_size}'
                )

            if self.virtual_pipeline_model_parallel_size is not None:
                num_layers_per_middle_pipeline_rank = num_layers // pipeline_parallel_size
                if (
                    not num_layers_per_middle_pipeline_rank
                    % self.virtual_pipeline_model_parallel_size
                    == 0
                ):
                    raise ValueError(
                        f'number of layers on each middle pipeline rank:'
                        f'{num_layers_per_middle_pipeline_rank} must be divisible by virtual'
                        f'pipeline parallel degree {self.virtual_pipeline_model_parallel_size}'
                    )

        if self.account_for_embedding_in_pipeline_split or self.account_for_loss_in_pipeline_split:
            if self.virtual_pipeline_model_parallel_size is None:
                num_layers = self.num_layers

                if self.account_for_embedding_in_pipeline_split:
                    num_layers += 1

                if self.account_for_loss_in_pipeline_split:
                    num_layers += 1

                if not num_layers % self.pipeline_model_parallel_size == 0:
                    raise ValueError(
                        f'number of middle layers: {num_layers} must be divisible by '
                        f'middle pipeline_model_parallel_size {self.pipeline_model_parallel_size}'
                    )
            else:
                num_layers = self.num_layers
                if self.account_for_embedding_in_pipeline_split:
                    num_layers += 1

                if self.account_for_loss_in_pipeline_split:
                    num_layers += 1

                if not num_layers % self.pipeline_model_parallel_size == 0:
                    raise ValueError(
                        f'num_layers: {num_layers} after enable'
                        f'account_for_embedding_in_pipeline_split or '
                        f'account_for_loss_in_pipeline_split must be divisible'
                        f'by pipeline_model_parallel_size '
                        f'{self.pipeline_model_parallel_size}'
                    )

                num_layers_per_pipeline_rank = num_layers // self.pipeline_model_parallel_size
                if (
                    not num_layers_per_pipeline_rank % self.virtual_pipeline_model_parallel_size
                    == 0
                ):
                    raise ValueError(
                        f'number of layers on each pipeline rank: {num_layers_per_pipeline_rank}'
                        f'(after enable account_for_embedding_in_pipeline_split or '
                        f'account_for_loss_in_pipeline_split) must be divisible by'
                        f'virtual_pipeline_model_parallel_size'
                        f'{self.virtual_pipeline_model_parallel_size}'
                    )

        if self.apply_query_key_layer_scaling:
            self.attention_softmax_in_fp32 = True

        if self.bias_activation_fusion:
            if self.activation_func not in [F.gelu, F.silu]:
                raise ValueError(
                    "When bias_activation_fusion is True, activation function should be either "
                    "gelu or swiglu"
                )
            if (
                self.activation_func == F.gelu
                and not self.gated_linear_unit
                and not self.add_bias_linear
            ):
                raise ValueError(
                    "When bias_activation_fusion is True, gated_linear_unit is False, "
                    "and activation function is gelu, add_bias_linear must also be True."
                )

        if self.activation_func_fp8_input_store:
            if self.activation_func != F.silu or not self.gated_linear_unit:
                raise ValueError("Storing activation input in FP8 is supported only for SwiGLU.")

        if self.apply_rope_fusion:
            if self.rotary_interleaved:
                if not is_te_min_version("2.3.0.dev0"):
                    raise ValueError(
                        "rotary_interleaved does not work with apply_rope_fusion for "
                        "TE < 2.3.0.dev0. Please install TE >= 2.3.0.dev0"
                    )

            from megatron.core.models.common.embeddings.rope_utils import (
                fused_apply_rotary_pos_emb,
                fused_apply_rotary_pos_emb_thd,
            )

            if fused_apply_rotary_pos_emb is None and fused_apply_rotary_pos_emb_thd is None:
                raise ValueError(
                    "apply_rope_fusion is not available. Please install TE >= 1.4 or Apex."
                )

            if self.multi_latent_attention:
                raise ValueError("multi_latent_attention does not support apply_rope_fusion.")

        if self.multi_latent_attention and self.rotary_interleaved:
            raise ValueError("rotary_interleaved does not work with multi_latent_attention.")

        if self.init_method is None:
            self.init_method = init_method_normal(self.init_method_std)

        if self.output_layer_init_method is None:
            self.output_layer_init_method = scaled_init_method_normal(
                self.init_method_std,
                self.num_layers,
                multiplier=2.0 if not self.is_hybrid_model else 1.0,
            )

        if self.num_moe_experts is not None:
            assert not self.add_bias_linear, "Bias is not supported for MoE"

        if self.moe_token_dispatcher_type == "alltoall_seq":
            if self.tensor_model_parallel_size != self.expert_tensor_parallel_size:
                raise ValueError(
                    "alltoall_seq dispatcher not support different TP size for MoE and Dense layer."
                )
            if self.moe_permute_fusion:
                raise ValueError("alltoall_seq dispatcher does not support permute fusion.")

        if self.moe_router_enable_expert_bias and self.moe_router_score_function != "sigmoid":
            raise ValueError(
                "Expert bias for aux-loss-free routing only supports sigmoid score function."
                "Please set --moe-router-score-function sigmoid for sigmoid score function."
            )

        if self.num_moe_experts and self.fp8:
            # TE version below 1.7.0 will raise Error when handle zeros tokens for expert
            if not is_te_min_version("1.7.0.dev0"):
                raise ValueError(
                    "Only transformer-engine>=1.7.0 supports MoE FP8 training, "
                    f"but your version is {get_te_version()}."
                )

            if self.moe_grouped_gemm and not is_te_min_version("1.11.0"):
                raise ValueError(
                    "Only transformer-engine>=1.11.0 supports FP8 grouped gemm, "
                    f"but your version is {get_te_version()}."
                )

        if (
            self.moe_router_topk == 1
            and self.moe_router_score_function == 'softmax'
            and not self.moe_router_pre_softmax
            and self.moe_router_load_balancing_type != 'sinkhorn'
        ):
            # Requires applying softmax before selecting the top-k when k is 1,
            # since softmax on a [num_tokens, 1] would yield a zero gradient.
            raise ValueError("Please use --moe-router-pre-softmax when topk is 1.")

        if self.moe_router_group_topk:
            if self.moe_router_topk_limited_devices:
                raise ValueError(
                    "moe_router_topk_limited_devices is deprecated and replaced by "
                    "moe_router_group_topk and moe_router_num_groups."
                )
            if not self.moe_router_num_groups:
                raise ValueError(
                    "When using group limited routing, moe_router_num_groups must be specified."
                )
            else:
                assert self.num_moe_experts % self.moe_router_num_groups == 0, (
                    f"num_moe_experts ({self.num_moe_experts}) should be divisible by "
                    f"moe_router_num_groups ({self.moe_router_num_groups})."
                )
                assert self.moe_router_group_topk <= self.moe_router_num_groups, (
                    f"moe_router_group_topk ({self.moe_router_group_topk}) should be smaller than "
                    f"moe_router_num_groups ({self.moe_router_num_groups})."
                )
        elif self.moe_router_topk_limited_devices:
            warnings.warn(
                "moe_router_topk_limited_devices is deprecated. Use moe_router_group_topk and "
                "moe_router_num_groups instead."
            )
            self.moe_router_group_topk = self.moe_router_topk_limited_devices
            self.moe_router_num_groups = self.expert_model_parallel_size

        if self.enable_cuda_graph:
            if self.cpu_offloading:
                raise ValueError("CUDA graphs not supported with CPU offloading.")
            if self.recompute_granularity:
                raise ValueError("CUDA graphs not supported with activation recomputation.")

        if self.moe_token_dispatcher_type in ['allgather', 'alltoall_seq']:
            if self.variable_seq_lengths is True:
                raise ValueError(
                    f"Token dispatcher type: {self.moe_token_dispatcher_type} does not support "
                    f"variable sequence length, please use alltoall dispatcher instead."
                )

        if self.moe_permute_fusion:
            from megatron.core.transformer.moe.moe_utils import (
                fused_permute,
                fused_permute_with_probs,
                fused_sort_chunks_by_index,
                fused_sort_chunks_by_index_with_probs,
                fused_unpermute,
            )

            if (
                fused_permute is None
                or fused_permute_with_probs is None
                or fused_sort_chunks_by_index is None
                or fused_sort_chunks_by_index_with_probs is None
                or fused_unpermute is None
            ):
                raise ValueError("fused permutation is not available. Please install TE >= 2.1.0.")

        if self.context_parallel_size > 1 and self.cp_comm_type is not None:
            if isinstance(self.cp_comm_type, list):
                assert len(self.cp_comm_type) == self.num_layers, (
                    f"Length of cp_comm_type ({len(self.cp_comm_type)}) should equal to "
                    f"the total number of transformer layers ({self.num_layers})!"
                )
            else:
                assert isinstance(
                    self.cp_comm_type, str
                ), "Unsupported communication type for context parallelism!"

        assert (
            self.pipeline_model_parallel_size > 0
        ), f"Pipeline model parallel size must be larger than 0 \
            when enable --standalone-embedding-stage and --standalone-loss-stage"

        if (
            self.num_moe_experts is not None
            and self.num_moe_experts >= 32
            and not self.moe_router_dtype
        ):
            warnings.warn(
                "Using a large number of experts (e.g. >=32) without fp32 routing. "
                "Consider enabling moe_router_dtype for better numerical stability."
            )
        if self.symmetric_ar_type is not None:
            assert is_torch_min_version("2.7.0a0"), "Must have at least torch version 2.7 or higher"
            assert is_te_min_version("2.3.0") or get_te_version() == PkgVersion(
                "2.3.0.dev0+39c0e70"
            ), "Must have at least TE version 2.3 or higher to use symmetric memory all reduce"

        if self.no_rope_freq:
            assert not self.flash_decode, 'flash_decode cannot be used with no_rope.'
            if isinstance(self.no_rope_freq, int):
                assert self.num_layers % self.no_rope_freq == 0, (
                    f"no_rope_freq={self.no_rope_freq} should be "
                    f"divisible by num_layers={self.num_layers}."
                )
                # Convert integer pattern to list pattern
                # e.g. no_rope=4 with num_layers=8 becomes [0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1]
                pattern = [0] * (self.no_rope_freq - 1) + [1]
                self.no_rope_freq = pattern * (self.num_layers // self.no_rope_freq)
            else:
                assert len(self.no_rope_freq) == self.num_layers, (
                    f"Length of no_rope list ({len(self.no_rope_freq)}) must match "
                    f"the number of layers ({self.num_layers})"
                )


@dataclass
class MLATransformerConfig(TransformerConfig):
    """Configuration object for megatron-core Multi-Latent Attention (MLA) transformers.

    The initialization function has an argument for each parameter, including those in
    ModelParallelConfig. Included YaRN RoPE parameters that is fused in MLA.
    """

    multi_latent_attention: bool = True
    """Whether to use Multi-Latent Attention."""

    q_lora_rank: int = 512
    """Rank of Query tensor's low rank representation."""

    kv_lora_rank: int = 512
    """Rank of Key and Value tensors' low rank representation."""

    qk_head_dim: int = 128
    """Dimension of the head in the QK projection. q_head_dim = qk_head_dim + qk_pos_emb_head_dim"""

    qk_pos_emb_head_dim: int = 64
    """Dimension of the position embedding in the QK projection."""

    v_head_dim: int = 128
    """Dimension of the head in the V projection."""

    normalization: str = "RMSNorm"
    """Default normalization layer for MLA models is RMSNorm."""

    rope_type: str = "yarn"
    """Type of RoPE to use. Default to yarn, options are rope and yarn."""

    rotary_base: float = 10000
    """Rotary base for the rotary embeddings, used by rope and yarn."""

    rotary_percent: float = 1.0
    """Rotary percent for the rotary embeddings, used by rope."""

    rotary_scaling_factor: float = 40
    """Rotary scaling factor for the rotary embeddings, used by yarn."""

    max_position_embeddings: int = 4096
    """Maximum position embeddings for the original model, used by yarn."""

    beta_fast: float = 32
    """Beta fast for YaRN RoPE, used by yarn."""

    beta_slow: float = 1
    """Beta slow for YaRN RoPE, used by yarn."""

    mscale: float = 0.707
    """Mscale for YaRN RoPE in Multi-Latent Attention, used by yarn."""

    mscale_all_dim: float = 0.707
    """Mscale all dimensions for YaRN RoPE in Multi-Latent Attention, used by yarn."""
