"""Extracts the translation vector from a 4x4 transformation matrix.

Given a 4x4 transformation matrix, this function extracts the translation vector, which is located in the first three elements of the fourth column of the matrix.

Args:
    matrix (np.ndarray): A 4x4 transformation matrix from which the translation vector is to be extracted.

Returns:
    np.ndarray: A 1D array of shape (3,) representing the translation vector.
"""